Birth Control and Breastfeeding: Finding the Right Balance for You
The postpartum season is full of changes — physically, emotionally, and hormonally. While most new parents focus on recovery and feeding, conversations about birth control while breastfeeding are just as important. Choosing the right contraception helps protect your health, supports your feeding goals, and allows your body time to heal between pregnancies.
The Natural Protection of Exclusive Breastfeeding
Exclusive breastfeeding can temporarily delay fertility through something called the Lactational Amenorrhea Method (LAM). When used correctly, LAM can be up to 98% effective at preventing pregnancy.
However, it only works when all three of these are true:
1️⃣ Your baby is under 6 months old
2️⃣ You are exclusively breastfeeding (no bottles or long gaps between feeds, day or night)
3️⃣ Your menstrual cycle has not returned
Once any of these change — your baby starts solids, sleeps longer stretches, or your period returns — your fertility may resume. At that point, adding another method of postpartum contraception provides more reliable protection.
How Hormonal Birth Control Can Affect Milk Supply
Some hormonal birth control options can safely be used while breastfeeding, while others may impact milk supply.
Usually compatible with breastfeeding:
Progestin-only options such as the mini pill, Depo-Provera shot, hormonal IUDs (Mirena, Kyleena, etc.), or implant (Nexplanon)
These methods generally do not affect milk production and can often be started soon after birth.
Use caution with estrogen-containing methods:
Combination pills, patches, or vaginal rings contain estrogen, which may lower milk supply — especially if started before breastfeeding is well established (around 6–8 weeks postpartum).
If you notice changes in milk volume or feeding behavior after starting any hormonal method, reach out to a lactation consultant (IBCLC) for guidance. Early support can help protect your supply and keep your feeding goals on track.
Non-Hormonal Options That Support Breastfeeding
For those who prefer to avoid hormones altogether, several effective non-hormonal birth control options are available:
Copper IUD (Paragard) – highly effective and long-lasting
Barrier methods – condoms, diaphragms, cervical caps, or spermicide
Sterilization – a permanent option for those confident in their family size
These choices do not affect lactation or milk composition, making them excellent options for breastfeeding parents.
Fertility Awareness While Breastfeeding
Many families are interested in natural, body-awareness-based methods. Fertility awareness or Natural Family Planning (NFP) can be effective, but postpartum fertility signs are often less predictable.
While exclusive breastfeeding can delay ovulation, cervical mucus and basal body temperature patterns can be harder to interpret until cycles return. For the most accurate use, seek instruction from a teacher or counselor trained in postpartum fertility charting.
With patience and guidance, fertility awareness can be a sustainable, hormone-free choice — especially once your cycles normalize.
Why Pregnancy Spacing Matters
Healthy spacing between pregnancies benefits both parent and baby. Giving your body time to recover after birth supports healing, stabilizes nutrient stores, and helps maintain a strong milk supply. It also allows you to fully focus on your baby’s early development before preparing for another pregnancy.
Each family’s ideal timing looks different, but most experts recommend waiting at least 12–18 months before conceiving again to reduce risks of complications and support overall health.
When to Seek Guidance
There’s no one-size-fits-all approach to postpartum contraception. The best method is the one that aligns with your body, your health history, and your breastfeeding goals.
- Discuss your options with your healthcare provider to find a safe, effective plan that fits your needs. Make sure to bring up any concerns you may have regarding side effects, impact on milk supply or efficacy. Your healthcare provider can work with you to find the best option to meet your needs.
- If you notice changes in milk supply, latch, or feeding behavior after starting birth control, reach out to an IBCLC for personalized support.
Together, your care team can help you find balance between protecting your fertility and supporting your breastfeeding journey.
In Closing
You deserve the confidence of knowing your body is protected while continuing to nourish your baby. Whether you prefer hormonal methods, natural options, or fertility awareness, there are safe and effective ways to plan your family — without sacrificing your breastfeeding goals.
If you have questions about milk supply or postpartum recovery, reach out. Support is available, and you don’t have to navigate this alone. 💛